The evaluation of the Theraputic Effect of Aqueous Extract of Aloe Vera on Entamoeba histolytica in Vivo

Ameobiasis caused by Entameoba spp. It is a zoonotic disease that is the most prevalent. Thus, the study was conducted to evaluate the anti-ameobiasis efficacy of aqueous Aloe vera extracts in comparison with metronidazole in laboratory mice. Stool samples were collected from patients attending in Al-karamah teching Hospital suffering from diarrhea from November 1, 2022 to February 29, 2023, and 15samples were examined for both sexes microscopic by using the lugols iodine Stain to detect infected the parasite's cysts , Isolation and purification by flotation with normal solution and preserved in potassium dichromate for the purpose of using it in causing infection in laboratory mice. The experimental study was conducted on groups of 35 mice by oral administration of parasite cysts within the range of 95 cyst / ml except for the negative control group that was drenched with physiological saline. The feces of mice inoculated with cysts of parasites were microscopically examined using the modified lugols iodine Stain, After the mice were divided into seven groups with the uninfected and untreated group kept as a healthy negative control. The first group which included 21 mice was treated after it was divided into three subgroups A, B, C for each secondary group 7 mice they were treated with aqueous extract of A.vera at different concentrations 50, 100, 150 mg/ml on the respectively, while the second group which included 21 mice on three groups A, B, and C was treated with aqueous extract of A.vera at the previous concentrations for three consecutive days for each concentration. The third group was treated with metronidazole at a concentration of mg/ ml, and the positive control group remained infected with the parasite and was not treated. After treatment a microscopic examination was performed by evaluating the excretion average of parasite cysts using a hematocytometer slide. There was a decrease in the shedding of fecal cysts in the groups treated with aqueous extract at different concentrations, reaching a complete stop when treating with the highest concentrations at the end of the treatment period. Where, the average of shedding of fecal parasite cysts of groups of mice at concentrations 50, 100, 150 mg/ml reached 18.20, 0.200, 0 cyst/ml respectively. while the avrage of shedding of cysts in the group treated with metronidazole reached 60.20 cyst/ml in comparison with the infected positive control group in which the number of cysts continued to increase to 14.863 cyst/ml at the end of the treatment period. The results of the therapeutic efficacy of A.vera extract showed percentages of 82%, 90%, 100% for the aqueous extract at concentrations 50, 100, 150 mg/ml, respectively, while the therapeutic efficacy of metranidazol reached 84% at the end of the treatment period