The association of certain lipid metabolism indicators and light regimes in salmonids and cyprinids in aquaculture

Purpose of the review : analysis of the effect of the photoperiodic factor based on indicators of lipid metabolism in Salmonid and Cyprinid fish species. Methods used : comparative analysis of literature and own experimental data. Results: The length of daylight (photoperiod) is one of the most important abiotic factors affecting the behavior, reproduction, metabolism, growth and development of fish. The changes in the lipids and fatty acid constituents execute a significant role in the adaptation of aquatic organisms to new light conditions. Certain parameters of lipidogenesis can serve as a reliable indicator of the normal route of metabolic processes in the organism. It is widely known that photoperiod regimes are used in aquaculture to optimize the cultivation of various species of aquatic organisms, including the most common Cyprinids and Salmonids. The specificity of the reaction of lipid metabolism to the effects of various lighting modes is shown: in cyprinids, the reaction can be multidirectional depending on the species (including its absence), while in Salmonids on example of Atlantic salmon, a change in the lipid profile in the direction of smoltification is observed. The role of combining the photoperiod with other factors, such as feeding and climatic features of the region, are discussed. Significance: The results can contribute to a better understanding of the adaptive processes in fish and optimize the conditions for their artificial rearing.