Effect of screen time and physical activity on sleep quality among adolescents

Background: India houses the largest population of adolescents globally, with an estimated 253 million individuals between the ages of 10 to 19 years. Modifiable lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity, screen time use, and sleep patterns are important components of healthy life and have an impact on behavioral outcomes, performance-based outcomes, mental and emotional well-being, and the physical health of adolescents. The purpose of this study was to assess sleep quality and to determine its association with screen time and physical activity among adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 317 study participants in Mysuru city, Karnataka. Convenience sampling technique was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics and association were analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 22. Results: The study found 22.1% prevalence of poor sleep quality among study participants in Mysuru city, Karnataka. The average levels of screen times were higher on weekend than weekday. Moreover, specific types of screen time, such as small screen recreation on weekends and education and social activities on weekdays, were associated with poorer sleep quality. The study also observed physical activity, particularly during leisure time and travel is significantly associated with sleep quality. Conclusions: The prevalence of poor sleep quality among study participants was significantly higher. Maintaining healthy sleep habits, incorporating yoga, meditation, or physical activity can effectively relax the mind and should be promoted in schools, and limiting the use of electronic devices before bedtime is crucial for improving sleep quality.