Evaluation of Various Concentrations of Punica granatum Extract Gel\'s Potency in Teeth Whitening: An In Vitro Study

Teeth whitening is a conservative procedure utilized to overcome tooth discoloration.Malic acid and ellagic acid obtained from white pomegranate can be used to whiten teeth.Aim: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of white pomegranate extract gel as a bleaching agent against tooth discoloration and its effects on the enamel surface.Materials and methods: Forty-eight mandibular incisors were utilized as samples.All teeth were submerged for 12 days in the coffee solution.Utilizing spectrophotometry, tooth discoloration was measured.After being soaked in a coffee solution and then in a white pomegranate extract gel, the item was dried.Group I: Ten teeth soaked in white pomegranate extract gel with a concentration of 70%.Group II: Ten teeth soaked in white pomegranate extract gel with a concentration of 80%.Group III: Ten teeth soaked in white pomegranate extract gel with a concentration of 90%.Group IV: Around 10% of carbamide peroxide gel as a positive control for 10 teeth.Each specimen was immersed for 4 hours per day for 7 days.Using a spectrophotometer, tooth discoloration was assessed following immersion in white pomegranate gel extract and carbamide peroxide gel, and with a stylus profilometer, the surface roughness of the enamel was assessed. Results:The Delta E value of 90% white pomegranate extract gel was higher than the positive control.The average surface roughness value of white pomegranate extract gel increased with an increase in its concentration; hence, 70% of white pomegranate extract gel had the least enamel surface roughness.Conclusion: Based on the results, group III (90% white pomegranate extract gel) was determined to be the most effective as a teeth-whitening agent, and group I (70% white pomegranate extract gel) showed the least surface roughness.White pomegranate extract gel has an influence on tooth discoloration and teeth whitening attempts.