A Five-Year Trend Analysis of Antibacterial Resistance Patterns Among Non-fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli: A Retrospective Study From the ICU Settings of a Tertiary Care Hospital

The study showed the prevalence of various NFGNB as 5.10% in ICU settings, with <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. (46.5%) being the most common isolated bacteria. Notably, 61.76% of the isolates were MDR. Antibiotic trend analysis over five years showed increasing resistance of <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, minocycline, and ceftazidime, with improved susceptibility for carbapenems, ciprofloxacin, and cefepime. <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. showed increased susceptibility to aztreonam and rising resistance for meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, and amikacin. In Burkholderia spp., there was increased susceptibility to levofloxacin and rising resistance to meropenem and ceftazidime. These findings focus on the need for vigilant antibiotic stewardship, with the adoption of appropriate infection prevention and control practices to restrict the emergence and spread of MDR NFGNB infections in ICU settings of hospitals.