The biological activities and phytochemical investigations of acacia Senegal's aqueous extracts of gum Arabic

This study aimed to ascertain the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of gum Arabic aqueous extracts from Acacia Senegal. Furthermore, the phytochemical research on these extracts investigated the metabolically active ingredients in gum Arabic. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was determined by diffusion of the disks .2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging capacity was used to detect antioxidant activity. Then, the anti‑inflammatory activity of gum Arabic using albumin denaturation activity. Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids in the absence of anthocyans. The results of antioxidant activity by trapping the free radical DPPH obtained show that the extract of gum arabic reveals an interesting activity with a IC50 value of 62,40 ±0.21 mg/ml. Concerning the antibacterial activity, good inhibition was observed against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results indicated that gum arabic showed higher anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting albumin denaturation at 75 mg/ml by 88.4%. The research outcomes demonstrate that Acacia Senegal gum can be useful for alternative treatments.