A survey related to current technologies in Arctic region for autonomous driving

Abstract Autonomous driving has sparked an entire revolution in the vehicle sector, offering to increase the safety for road users, productivity, and convenience. However, using autonomous driving vehicles in hostile environments like the Arctic present’s challenges because of the bad weather, lack of infrastructure, rough terrain, poor vision, icy and unreliable road surfaces, and inaccessible locations. The paper discuses key technical elements such as sensor systems, data fusion techniques, localization methods, perception algorithms (object detection, scene understanding), decision-making frameworks, and vehicle control mechanisms that are required for autonomous driving in the Arctic. The study focuses on how these innovations could be enhanced and changed to address the specific issues that the Arctic faces. It also highlights on-going academic and business research and development initiatives, showcasing innovations used to overcome difficulties specific to the Arctic. This paper provides great insight for researchers, decision-makers, and professionals interested in incorporating autonomous driving systems under extreme weather conditions. It enables deeper understanding of the difficulties and opportunities specific to the Arctic region, encouraging cooperation and creativity in the search for reliable and effective autonomous mobility solutions.