The Responsibility of States Regarding Climate Change: International Cooperation to Reduce Toxic Emissions that Harm the Atmosphere

Carbon dioxide emissions from the usage of fossil fuels contribute to anthropogenic climate change.The Climate Change International Legal Regime, which consists of primary principles outlined in international treaties, was designed to minimize greenhouse gas emissions.According to customary international law, governments are prohibited from causing harm to one other.A nation breaches this principle when an action within its jurisdiction causes harm to another nation, either intentionally or as a result of negligence.With limited efforts to address climate change, there is a significant likelihood that the damages caused by climate change would escalate in terms of quantity, intensity, and frequency.Amidst the era of climate change, it is imperative for States to take resolute action.Nevertheless, it is disheartening to observe the absence of aggressive endeavors in climate treaty discussions, which is manifested in the vague character of non-binding or lenient mitigation commitments.From this perspective, this paper contends that courts have the potential to act as catalysts for change and exert pressure on States, albeit with some caution, to implement decisive measures.