Feasibility, Safety and Acceptance of Buccal Mucosa Harvest Under Local Anesthesia for Substitution Urethroplasty:Prospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Centre.

Background Urethral stricture is a challenging condition with significant socioeconomic impacts, often requiring surgical intervention such as urethroplasty. Buccal mucosa grafts (BMG) are a popular choice for substitution urethroplasty due to their favorable outcomes. This study evaluates the feasibility, safety, and acceptance of harvesting buccal mucosa grafts under local anesthesia. Objective To assess feasibility, safety and acceptance of Buccal mucosa harvest under local anesthesia. Method A prospective observational hospital based study to evaluate outcomes of substitution urethroplasty using buccal mucosa grafts (BMG) under local anesthesia. Result Of the 40 patients, 28 had unilateral graft harvests, while 12 had bilateral procedures. The mean graft length obtained was 5.65 cm. Postoperatively, patients experienced a quick recovery, with full mouth opening achieved within an average of 2.78 days and resumption of normal eating within 2.6 days. Minor complications included oral swelling in 15% of cases and food residue in 12.5%. Although 87.5% of patients reported pain at the perineal wound site, the overall pain score averaged 3.58, indicating manageable discomfort. Importantly, 92.5% of patients expressed a willingness to undergo the procedure again if necessary. Conclusion These findings suggest that buccal mucosa graft harvest under local anesthesia is both feasible and well-tolerated. The procedure appears to be a safe alternative to regional or general anesthesia, with minimal complications and a high level of patient acceptance. Future randomized controlled trials comparing local anesthesia to regional or general anesthesia could provide additional insights and further validate these findings. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the use of local anesthesia in urethral stricture surgery, offering a practical approach to managing this condition effectively.