Functional Outcome Following Pedicle Screw Instrumentation and Fusion for Low-Grade Lumbar Spinal Instability in Tertiary Care Hospital in South India

Introduction:In the last 25 years, un instrumented fusions, which had variable outcomes, have given way to more advanced surgical techniques for treating low back pain.Aim: The present study aimed to study the functional result following pedicle screw instrumentation as well as fusion for low-grade lumbar spinal instability in tertiary care hospitals.Materials and Methods: In the Orthopaedic Department of the Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences, Madhurandagam, 30 patients receiving pedicle screw instrumentation as well as fusion for low-grade lumbar spinal instability were the subjects of this prospective study, which ran from September 2017 to August 2019.Functional results were recorded over the 14-week follow-up period for all patients following surgery.Results: The female predominance of 18 (60%) was reported, and the mean age was 48.29.582.The 10-12 months of low back pain duration was 10 (33.33%) in most patients.The degeneration was the main reason for lumbar spinal instability in 19 (63.33%) patients.The duration of surgery of 2 to 3 hours was in a maximum of 15 patients (50%).14 (46.67%)showed 200 to 300 ml blood loss, and the grade I fusion was found in most patients 18 (60%).The preoperative mean ODI was reported to be 73.667.533and postoperative 6, 10, and 14-week mean ODI were found to be 44.605.828,27.462.7 and 16.003.28respectively.The participants reported statistically significant (p<0.05)compared to the mean post-op 6, 10 and 14 weeks.Conclusion: Intertransverse (bone) fusion was able to take the lead in the race between bone union and implant failure because of the pedicle screws and rods, which provide enough stability.