Effect of nanoparticle reinforcement and cryogenic treatment on aluminum alloys for enhancement of mechanical and microstructural characteristics-a review

Abstract Owing to the superior mechanical properties, higher specific strength, higher electrical and thermal conductivities, better corrosion and oxidation resistances, aluminum alloys (Al-alloys) are being utilized in multiple applications like automobiles, aviation structures, and marine constructions. However, their use is constrained by their low ductility, low wear resistance and poor tribological properties. While several approaches have been in use to address these issues, nano-treating and cryogenic treatment (CT) appear to be more promising amongst. This work systematically reviews two of the aforementioned approaches for enhancing the mechanical, microstructural, and wear resistance properties of Al-alloys. It elaborates the discussion on various nanoparticles reinforced with Al-alloys to address the issues such as corrosion; and hot cracking which is prevalent when Al-alloys undergo fusion welding and stir-casting processes. A comparison of deep and shallow cryogenic treatments is done to highlight their pros and cons in terms of properties enhancement and ease of application. A critical review of the contributions made by various researchers existing in the literature with the identification of gaps in current knowledge and recommendations being made for future scope of research is presented to provide meaningful insights for researchers and technologists working on Al-alloys.