Botanical and geographical analysis of flora of the Kologrivsky Forest Nature Reserve

Regional floras are formed by species whose habitats are characterized by different sizes and types, which is associated with the stages of development of the flora against the background of the influence of various natural and anthropogenic factors. The latitude-longitudinal analysis makes it possible to identify geographical relationships and to determine the geographical type of the flora. The aim of the work is to perform a geographical analysis of the flora of the Kologrivsky Forest Nature Reserve (Kostroma region). The current floristic list was compiled on the basis of the authors’ field studies from 2010 to 2023, as well as data from literature and herbarium collections. Literature sources, open electronic resources (GBIF, INaturalist) containing data on species records were used to assign species to a specific floristic complex and habitat type. Zonally, the flora of the Kologrivsky Forest Nature Reserve is characterized by a predominance of plurizonal (47%), taiga (28%) and subtaiga (18%) floristic complexes, nemoral species account for 5%, and hypoarctic-boreal and forest-steppe species account for 1% each, which is consistent with the zonal position of the study area. In terms of longitude, the leading habitat types in the flora of the reserve are Eurasian (28%), Holarctic (25%), Euro-Siberian (20%) and European (10%). The remaining longitudinal groups account for 17% of the total number of species identified. The predominance of species with large ranges, the heterogeneous composition of the latitudinal and longitudinal groups, and the absence of endemic taxa indicate the migratory nature of the flora and its relative youth. The studies carried out make it possible to monitor the dynamics of the relationship the between latitudinal and longitudinal groups of vascular plants and to identify further directions of flora migration.