Exploring the Usefulness of Tumor Budding as a Histopathological Marker Compared to Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) Staging in Breast Cancer

Tumor budding is significantly associated with more aggressive tumor characteristics in breast cancer. Incorporating tumor budding into routine pathological assessments alongside TNM staging and histological grading may enhance the ability to identify high-risk patients and guide treatment strategies. Further large-scale, multicenter studies are warranted to confirm its prognostic value.