Sex-Based Differences in Pulmonary Function and Cardiopulmonary Response 30 Months Post-COVID-19: A Brazilian Multicentric Study

<b>Aim</b>: (I) to verify if there are sex differences in respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength, and effort limitation in individuals recovered from severe acute COVID-19 30 months after the initial infection, and (II) to evaluate the influence of length of stay on cardiorespiratory capacity among men and women. <b>Methods</b>: Cross-sectional observational multicentric study with participants from five Brazilian states (São Paulo, Amazonas, Minas Gerais, Bahia, and Brasília). We assessed lung function and respiratory muscle strength by maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and cardiorespiratory fitness by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). <b>Results</b>: 86 individuals were stratified by sex (48 women and 38 men). Females had significantly longer hospitalization for acute COVID-19 (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and showed a marked reduction in MIP (cmH<sub>2</sub>O and % predicted). Regarding the CPET, women presented lower V˙O<sub>2</sub>% predicted, O<sub>2</sub> pulse, and oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES, % predicted) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, women also had greater abnormal combinations between RER < 1.10, OUES < 80% predicted, VE/VVM < 15% [3 (6.2%)] and V˙O<sub>2</sub>% predicted < 80%, V˙E/V˙CO<sub>2</sub> slope and V˙O<sub>2</sub>/workload < 8.4 mL/min/W [8 (17%)]. The regression analysis showed a significant influence of age, length of hospitalization (< and >10 days), and FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC (%) on the V˙O<sub>2</sub> peak (mL·kg<sup>-1</sup>·min<sup>-1</sup>). Secondarily, we found that women hospitalized for more than 10 days had worse O<sub>2</sub> pulse (<i>p</i> = 0.03), OUES % predicted (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and worse V˙O<sub>2</sub>% predicted (<i>p</i> < 0.009). <b>Conclusion</b>: Women exhibited more pronounced impairments in several key indicators of cardiopulmonary function 30 months post-infection.

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Publication Details

Journal
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Published
2024-09-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21101293
Citations
3
Primary Topic
Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.11

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article

Sex-Based Differences in Pulmonary Function and Cardiopulmonary Response 30 Months Post-COVID-19: A Brazilian Multicentric Study

Mansueto Gomes Neto, Gerson Cipriano, Maurício Milani, Leandro Tolfo Franzoni et al.
3 citations
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
1.11
article

Sex-Based Differences in Pulmonary Function and Cardiopulmonary Response 30 Months Post-COVID-19: A Brazilian Multicentric Study

Mansueto Gomes Neto, Gerson Cipriano, Maurício Milani, Leandro Tolfo Franzoni, Ricardo Stein, Luiz Eduardo Fonteles Ritt, Cássia da Luz Goulart, Cristiane Maria Carvalho Costa Dias, Viní­cius Afonso Gomes, Audrey Borghi‐Silva, Guilherme Dionir Back, Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco Arêas, Celso Nascimento de Almeida, André Paula, Juliana Ribeiro Magalhães, Fernando Val, Luciano Fonseca Lemos de Oliveira, Déborah Pereira Prado, Carolina Coimbra Marinho, Fernanda Facioli dos Reis Borges
article en
3 citations

Abstract

<b>Aim</b>: (I) to verify if there are sex differences in respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength, and effort limitation in individuals recovered from severe acute COVID-19 30 months after the initial infection, and (II) to evaluate the influence of length of stay on cardiorespiratory capacity among men and women. <b>Methods</b>: Cross-sectional observational multicentric study with participants from five Brazilian states (São Paulo, Amazonas, Minas Gerais, Bahia, and Brasília). We assessed lung function and respiratory muscle strength by maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and cardiorespiratory fitness by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). <b>Results</b>: 86 individuals were stratified by sex (48 women and 38 men). Females had significantly longer hospitalization for acute COVID-19 (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and showed a marked reduction in MIP (cmH<sub>2</sub>O and % predicted). Regarding the CPET, women presented lower V˙O<sub>2</sub>% predicted, O<sub>2</sub> pulse, and oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES, % predicted) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, women also had greater abnormal combinations between RER < 1.10, OUES < 80% predicted, VE/VVM < 15% [3 (6.2%)] and V˙O<sub>2</sub>% predicted < 80%, V˙E/V˙CO<sub>2</sub> slope and V˙O<sub>2</sub>/workload < 8.4 mL/min/W [8 (17%)]. The regression analysis showed a significant influence of age, length of hospitalization (< and >10 days), and FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC (%) on the V˙O<sub>2</sub> peak (mL·kg<sup>-1</sup>·min<sup>-1</sup>). Secondarily, we found that women hospitalized for more than 10 days had worse O<sub>2</sub> pulse (<i>p</i> = 0.03), OUES % predicted (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and worse V˙O<sub>2</sub>% predicted (<i>p</i> < 0.009). <b>Conclusion</b>: Women exhibited more pronounced impairments in several key indicators of cardiopulmonary function 30 months post-infection.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthVol. 21(10)
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR), Universidade Federal da Bahia (BR), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR), Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (BR), Universidade de Brasília (BR), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (BR), Fundação de Medicina Tropical (BR), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (BR), Hasselt University (BE)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas
Openalex Percentile: Top 21%
Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
1.11
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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