Role of immunotherapy in the overall survival of gastrointestinal cancer patients with liver metastases

<b>Aim:</b> To investigate the role of immunotherapy in the overall survival (OS) of gastrointestinal cancer patients who have liver metastases at the time of the primary site cancer diagnosis.<b>Materials & methods:</b> Survival outcome was compared between groups with immunotherapy and groups without immunotherapy.<b>Results:</b> Chemoimmunotherapy was associated with improved OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.768; 95% CI 0.739-0.800; <i>p</i> < 0.001) compared with chemotherapy alone. Radiotherapy to the primary site plus chemoimmunotherapy was also associated with improved OS (HR 0.796; 95% CI 0.705-0.898; <i>p</i> < 0.001) compared to chemoradiation. Chemoimmunotherapy with radiotherapy to metastatic sites (except liver) was associated with improved OS (HR 0.771; 95% CI 0.706-0.842; <i>p</i> < 0.001) compared to chemoradiation.<b>Conclusion:</b> Immunotherapy plus chemotherapy or chemoradiation was associated with improved OS compared with chemotherapy or chemoradiation without immunotherapy.