Exploring the Impact of Moire Pattern on Deepfake Detectors

Deepfake detection is critical in mitigating the societal threats posed by manipulated videos. While various algorithms have been developed for this purpose, challenges arise when detectors operate externally, such as on smartphones, when users take a photo of deepfake images and upload on the Internet. One significant challenge in such scenarios is the presence of Moiré patterns, which degrade image quality and confound conventional classification algorithms, including deep neural networks (DNNs). The impact of Moiré patterns remains largely unexplored for deepfake detectors. In this study, we investigate how camera-captured deepfake videos from digital screens affect detector performance. We conducted experiments using two prominent datasets, CelebDF and FF++, comparing the performance of four state-of-theart detectors on camera-captured deepfake videos with introduced Moiré patterns. Our findings reveal a significant decline in detector accuracy, with none achieving above 68% on average. This underscores the critical need to address Moiré pattern challenges in real-world deepfake detection scenarios.