Research on the identification method of heavy haul railway rail surface injury study based on the fusion of vibration and profile data

Due to the heavy haul rail's large single train capacity and strong impact on the track, the rails of heavy haul rail are prone to injuries, and the accurate detection and identification of injuries is the basis of intelligent operation and maintenance of the rails of heavy haul rail. However, the existing rail surface injury recognition methods mainly based on machine vision have the disadvantages of strong noise and limited field of view. Therefore, this paper proposes a detection method based on the fusion of profile data and vibration signals. The profile data has high accuracy, but it has the disadvantages of low detection rate and low accuracy of a single profile. The vibration signal is easy to measure, but it is easy to be interfered, and the vibration signals of some injuries will reflect the same characteristics. The respective defects are overcome by fusion of the two. The experimental results show that the detection accuracy is effectively improved after the fusion of the two. The vibration signals are extracted and dimensionality reduced using stacked self-coding network, and then input into the classifier to obtain the classification results based on the vibration data. At the same time, the profile data and standard rails are matched, and then the wear sequence is generated by the DTW algorithm, and then the features are extracted by the PCA algorithm and classified to obtain the results based on the profile data. Finally, the two methods are fused at the decision level to obtain a new rail surface injury recognition and detection method based on the fusion of the two.