Seismic performance study of a 220kV transformer under seismic actions in different directions

The large transformer is a critical component of substations and has historically suffered significant damage during earthquakes. This study develops an enhanced finite element model of a 220kV transformer to accurately assess its seismic performance. The study examines the seismic response characteristics and equipment resilience by utilizing four sets of typical seismic wave records. This enables the identification of critical failure locations and responses. The study results indicate that the high-voltage bushing, a critical component of the 220kV transformer, is susceptible to equipment failure due to excessive stress at the root and displacement at the top. Under the seismic action of a 9-degree design-level earthquake, the seismic resistance of the transformer in the X direction is insufficient.