A comprehensive approach to rehabilitation interventions in patients with limb amputation and metabolic disorders in the multidisciplinary team of the Charitable Organization “Charitable Fund “Superhumans”

Background. Limb loss inevitably leads to changes in the physical, social, and mental domains that trigger a cascade of events: a more sedentary lifestyle, decreased ability to self-care, and increased use of health services. In addition, limb loss can negatively affect metabolic regulation and contribute to an increased risk of obesity and all associated metabolic consequences. The aim of the study was to justify the role of doctors of therapeutic specialties in the multidisciplinary team of the rehabilitation center based on the study of patients’ concomitant diseases. Materials and methods. The study included 379 patients from the Charitable Organization “Charity Fund “Superhumans”. They had an amputation and received a prosthesis and/or underwent rehabilitation from July 2023 to March 2024. Among participants, there were 9 women and 370 men, with an average age of 37.22 ± 9.74 years. Results. The role of doctors of therapeutic specialties in the multidisciplinary team of the rehabilitation center is substantiated based on the study of concomitant diseases of patients who have undergone amputation of one or more limbs. The study identified the following comorbidities: overweight (193 cases, 50.9 %), hypertension (108 cases, 28.5 %), liver damage of viral and non-viral origin (71 cases, 18.7 %), dyslipidemia (44 cases, 11.6 %), chronic gastritis (19 cases, 5.0 %), gastroesophageal reflux disease (15 cases, 4.0 %), rhythm disturbances (mainly sinus tachycardia or bradycardia) (14 cases, 3.7 %), chronic pancreatitis (11 cases, 2.9 %), duodenal ulcer (10 cases, 2.6 %), chronic cholecystitis (9 cases, 2.4 %), urolithiasis (4 cases, 1.1 %), chronic cystitis (4 cases, 1.1 %), chronic pyelonephritis (3 cases, 0.8 %), atrioventricular block (3 cases, 0.8 %), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2 cases, 0.5 %), bronchial asthma (2 cases, 0.5 %), autoimmune thyroiditis (2 cases, 0.5 %), nodular goiter (1 case, 0.3 %). Conclusions. Based on data obtained, the risks of progression of metabolic disorders and comorbidities in patients with limb amputations were determined.