Efficiency of technological processes of use of hydrogen in machinery and motor vehicles

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). The article reviews directions of improvement of transport power plants and internal combustion engines (ICE) when using hydrogen gas generators. The purpose of the study is to analyze various methods of storage of hydrogen to use it in motor vehicle or transport power plants implemented in machinery and in motor vehicles, as well as to analyze directions of development of hydrogen gas generators usage. Methodology and research methods. Analysis of information about production and use of hydrogen as a promising fuel for motor vehicles. Assessment of efficiency of methods of hydrogen generation from ammonia, by the method of steam reforming and by means of methane thermal pyrolysis. Results. The accomplished analysis of the methods of hydrogen storage and application in various fields of machinery has shown that use of hydrogen as part of synthesis gas opens up additional opportunities in improvement of power plant characteristics and energy efficiency of its application. The prospectivity of ammonia as a hydrogen energy carrier for thermal generators is shown. The calculations conducted have shown that thermal expenditure of energy for hydrogen generation from its combustion in the ICE amounts to 10.7%. Practical significance. Generation of hydrogen from ammonia with its subsequent supply to the ICE combustion chamber ensures high efficiency of the diesel operation process. Meanwhile, the availability of ammonia in-vehicle simplifies the organization of the catalytic process of selective reduction of NOx in the diesel engine to the ecologically safe level.