Mistreatment and Behavior of Pet Dogs: How Will a Zoopsychologist Help a Lawyer?

<p style="text-align: justify;">The analytical review formulates a scientific justification for the possibility of using indicators of the disturbing behavior of companion dogs as signs of abuse. Based on the analysis of publications presented in international databases (Elibrary, Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Academy and Scopus), approaches to the classification and interpretation of cruelty to companion dogs have been identified, on the basis of which an appropriate legislative framework has been developed. As a methodological basis that can be used in the Russian Federation, the concept of Five Freedoms and the concept of Five Domains are considered, which make it possible to analyze the contribution of various spheres of life (nutrition, health, environment) to the behavioral and psychological aspects of dog welfare. Behavioral signs are formulated that are indicators of a decrease in the level of well-being of dogs, and are available for detection by both veterinarians and specialists in other fields. These include, first of all, indicators of an increased level of anxiety. The presence of these signs can be regarded as a predictor of a decrease in the quality of life, manifestations of aggressive behavior, maladaptation, which will lead to the owner’s rejection of the animal, placement in a shelter or euthanasia.</p>