New charged anisotropic solution in f(Q)-gravity and effect of non-metricity and electric charge parameters on constraining maximum mass of self-gravitating objects

Abstract In the present article, A new class of singularity-free charged anisotropic stars is derived in f ( Q )-gravity regime. To solve the field equations, we assume a particular form of anisotropy along with an electric field and obtain a new exact solution in f ( Q )-gravity. The explicit mathematical expression for the model parameters is derived by the smooth joining of the obtained solutions with the exterior Reissner–Nordstrom de-Sitter solution across the bounding surface of a compact star along with the requirement that the radial pressure vanishes at the boundary. We have modeled four self-gravitating pulsar objects such as LMC X-4, PSR J1903+327, PSR J1614-2230, and GW190814 in our current study and predict the radii of these objects that fall between 8 and 10 km. Furthermore, the physical validity of the solution is performed for self-gravitating object PSR J1614-2230 with mass $$1.97\pm 0.04~M_{\odot }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1.97</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.04</mml:mn> <mml:mspace/> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>⊙</mml:mo> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> with radius 10 km. The solution successfully fulfills all the physical requirements along with the stability and hydrostatic equilibrium conditions for a well-behaved model. The non-metricity f ( Q )-parameter $$\chi _{_1}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mi>χ</mml:mi> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> </mml:math> and electric charge parameter $$\eta $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> </mml:math> play an important role in the maximum mass of the objects. The maximum mass increases when $$\chi _{_1}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mi>χ</mml:mi> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> </mml:math> and $$\eta $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> </mml:math> increase but a non-collapsing stable object can be obtained when $$\chi _{_1}\le 0.0205$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mi>χ</mml:mi> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mo>≤</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.0205</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and $$\eta \le 0.0006$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≤</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.0006</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> .