Novel cell spheroid culture method using Medaka dried fish powder

Highly biocompatible microcarriers are culture materials designed to enhance the efficiency of cell spheroid culture. Typically, collagen or specially processed plastic materials serve as these microcarriers. In the context of cultured-cell-based food production, however, both collagen and plastic materials present challenges regarding their cost-effectiveness and edibility. A notable issue with collagen, especially when derived from fish scales, is its low denaturation temperature, making it unsuitable for use with mammalian cells unless cross-linked. To address this issue, our research pivoted towards utilizing dried fish, a rich source of proteins including collagen. For this study, Medaka fish were selected. The fish were dried, ground into fine particles, and then impregnated with ethanol to create dried fish powder (DFP). Its efficacy was then evaluated as a microcarrier in spheroid cultures. The results revealed that DFP supports the adhesion and proliferation of various cell types, including human epidermal cells, human malignant melanoma cells, mouse fibroblasts, mouse endothelial cells and fish fibroblasts. Furthermore, Western blot analysis was used to verify the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase-related proteins in both human epidermal cells and mouse fibroblasts cultured with DFP. This fish-derived powdered microcarrier offers a cost-effective production method requiring only a few steps. Its affordability and high performance as a carrier position it as a potentially revolutionary material for use in biological research and food production science.