<i>Euclid</i>: Early Release Observations – Globular clusters in the Fornax galaxy cluster, from dwarf galaxies to the intracluster field

We present an analysis of Euclid observations of a 0.6 deg 2 field in the central region of the Fornax galaxy cluster that were acquired during the performance verification phase. With these data, we investigated the potential of Euclid to identify globular clusters (GCs) at 20 Mpc and validated the search methods using artificial GCs and known GCs within the field from the literature. Our analysis of artificial GCs injected into the data shows that Euclid ’s data in the I E band is 80% complete at about I E ∼ 26.0 mag ( M V ~ –5.0 mag), and it resolves GCs as small as r h = 2.5 pc. In the I E band, we detected more than 95% of the known GCs from previous spectroscopic surveys and GC candidates of the ACS Fornax Cluster Survey, of which more than 80% are resolved. We identify more than 5000 new GC candidates within the field of view down to I E = 25.0 mag, about 1.5 mag fainter than the typical GC luminosity function turn-over magnitude, and we investigated their spatial distribution within the intracluster field. We then focused on the GC candidates around dwarf galaxies and investigated their numbers, stacked luminosity distribution, and stacked radial distribution. While the overall GC properties are consistent with those in the literature, we found an interesting over-representation of relatively bright candidates within a small number of relatively GC-rich dwarf galaxies. Our work confirms the capabilities of Euclid data in detecting GCs and separating them from foreground and background contaminants at a distance of 20 Mpc, particularly for low GC-count systems such as dwarf galaxies.

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Publication Details

Journal
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2024-09-26
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450784
Citations
18
Primary Topic
Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
9.11
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article

Euclid: Early Release Observations – Globular clusters in the Fornax galaxy cluster, from dwarf galaxies to the intracluster field

R. Laureijs, L. K. Hunt, G. Seidel, J. Brinchmann et al.
18 citations
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
9.11
article

Euclid: Early Release Observations – Globular clusters in the Fornax galaxy cluster, from dwarf galaxies to the intracluster field

R. Laureijs, L. K. Hunt, G. Seidel, J. Brinchmann, S. S. Larsen, M. Rejkuba, Will J. Percival, R. P. Saglia, P. Tallada-Crespí, O. Lahav, L. Conversi, D. Le Mignant, W. Holmes, C. Sirignano, M. Brescia, I Tereno, I. Hook, M. Kunz, M. Bolzonella, J. H. Knapen, P. Hudelot, J. Carretero, M. Schirmer, F. Marulli, D. Scott, C. Giocoli, O. Marggraf, Paola Dimauro, F. Courbin, C. Valieri, Y. Copin, A. Kiessling, Michael L. Balogh, Santiago Casas, F. Grupp, A. Grazian, M. Jhabvala, F. Torradeflot, D. Massari, G. Sirri, L. A. Popa, S. Mei, S. Bardelli, Harry I. Teplitz, E. Munari, R. F. Peletier, Abdurrouf, Javier Román, V. Capobianco, L. Moscardini, Alexandre Réfrégier, T. Schrabback, S. Farrens, T. Saifollahi, Giovanni Riccio, Pierre–Alain Duc, E. Zucca, S. Andreon, S. Pires, Mélina Poulain, S. V. H. Haugan, R. Massey, T. Vassallo, R. Scaramella, S. Paltani, R. Toledo-Moreo, M. Moresco, M. Baes, B. R. Granett, D. Sapone, Elisabeth Sola, M. Meneghetti, H. J. McCracken, D. Bonino, S. E. van Mierlo, A. Veropalumbo, G. Congedo, I Lloro, L. Valenziano, M. A. Raj, S. Ferriol, E. Romelli, C. Burigana, A. M. Di Giorgio, Christopher J. Conselice, Henk Hoekstra, A. Biviano, I. Tutusaus, H. Degaudenzi, O. Mansutti, G. Zamorani, N. Martinet, Patrick Côté, Matthias Kluge, N. Aghanim, A. N. Taylor, W. Gillard, Orlesa Williams, C. Padilla Aranda, E. Maiorano, A. Tsyganov, B. Gillis, M. Roncarelli, F. Dubath, A. Hornstrup, E. Medinaceli, R. Kohley, C. Tortora, Maximilian Fabricius, T. Kitching, Michele Cantiello, A. Lançon, M. Béthermin, A. Balestra, D. Carollo, K. Jahnkę, A. M. N. Ferguson, B. Altieri, A. Secroun, M. Farina, R. Bender, F. Pasian, A. Venhola, L. Guzzo, J. Weller, S. Ligori, M. Castellano, P. Fosalba, K. Pedersen, S. Galeotta, F. Raison, E. Franceschi, Marco Baldi, J Martín-Fleitas, P. Gómez-Álvarez, Rebecca Habas, Konrad H. Kuijken, S. Dusini, K. Markovič, B. Garilli, S. Camera, Connor Stone, J. Dinis, V. Lindholm, Jason Rhodes, G. Verdoes Kleijn, M. Cropper, R. Nakajima, E. Keihänen, B. Sartoris, S. Cavuoti, N. Auricchio, M. Melchior, M. Frailis, Jean‐Charles Cuillandre, M. Fumana, Karina Voggel, Petra Schneider, G. D. Racca, C. Carbone, S. Kermiche, J. Graciá-Carpio, P. B. Lilje, S. Serrano, G. Polenta, E. Rossetti, E. Branchini, M. Kümmel, Anthony H. Gonzalez, L. Pozzetti, H. M. Courtois, Pratik Lonare, Yun Wang, A. Da Silva, L. Stančo, Rubén Sánchez-Janssen, M Urbano, S.-M. Niemi, O. Marchal, D. Maino, Robert C. Nichol, H. Kurki‐Suonio, B. Kubik, G. Meylan, A. Mora, Y. Mellier, X. Dupac, A. Renzi, F. Marleau
article en
18 citations

Abstract

We present an analysis of Euclid observations of a 0.6 deg 2 field in the central region of the Fornax galaxy cluster that were acquired during the performance verification phase. With these data, we investigated the potential of Euclid to identify globular clusters (GCs) at 20 Mpc and validated the search methods using artificial GCs and known GCs within the field from the literature. Our analysis of artificial GCs injected into the data shows that Euclid ’s data in the I E band is 80% complete at about I E ∼ 26.0 mag ( M V ~ –5.0 mag), and it resolves GCs as small as r h = 2.5 pc. In the I E band, we detected more than 95% of the known GCs from previous spectroscopic surveys and GC candidates of the ACS Fornax Cluster Survey, of which more than 80% are resolved. We identify more than 5000 new GC candidates within the field of view down to I E = 25.0 mag, about 1.5 mag fainter than the typical GC luminosity function turn-over magnitude, and we investigated their spatial distribution within the intracluster field. We then focused on the GC candidates around dwarf galaxies and investigated their numbers, stacked luminosity distribution, and stacked radial distribution. While the overall GC properties are consistent with those in the literature, we found an interesting over-representation of relatively bright candidates within a small number of relatively GC-rich dwarf galaxies. Our work confirms the capabilities of Euclid data in detecting GCs and separating them from foreground and background contaminants at a distance of 20 Mpc, particularly for low GC-count systems such as dwarf galaxies.

Astronomy and AstrophysicsVol. 697
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (FR), University of Geneva (CH), University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT), Leiden University (NL), California Institute of Technology (US), Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics (CA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Goddard Space Flight Center (US), European Southern Observatory (DE), Institute of Space Sciences (ES), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (US), University of Helsinki (FI), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (FR), University of Bonn (DE), University of Padua (IT), University of Lisbon (PT), University of British Columbia (CA), University of Salento (IT), Radboud University Nijmegen (NL), University of Waterloo (CA), Universidad de La Laguna (ES), University of Groningen (NL), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (FR), Universidade do Porto (PT), Perimeter Institute (CA), University of Oslo (NO), Institute for High Energy Physics (ES), University of Milan (IT), Durham University (GB), Universität Innsbruck (AT), Université Côte d'Azur (FR), Aarhus University (DK), Université Paris Cité (FR), Aix-Marseille Université (FR), University of Cambridge (GB), Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR), Université Paris-Saclay (FR), Centre National d'Études Spatiales (FR), Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory (IT), Helsinki Institute of Physics (FI), Astronomical Observatory of Rome (IT), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (IT), Trieste Astronomical Observatory (IT), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (FR), Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte (IT), Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie (FR), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (FR), Brera Astronomical Observatory (IT), University of Surrey (GB), University of Manchester (GB), FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (CH), Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (ES), Ghent University (BE), University of Florida (US), ETH Zurich (CH), Sorbonne Université (FR), Técnicas Reunidas (Spain) (ES), Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation (FR), Valongo Observatory (BR), Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences (PT), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (DE), Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (ES), European Space Astronomy Centre (ES), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Lecce (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (IT), Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology (IT), Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (FR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (IT), Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (IT), Royal Observatory (GB), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli (IT), Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (DE), Istituto di Radioastronomia di Bologna (IT), Cegep Edouard Montpetit (CA), Collurania Teramo Observatory (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova (IT), Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur (FR), CEA Paris-Saclay (FR), Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (ES), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (FR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (IT), Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary (RO), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (IT), Port d'Informació Científica (ES), Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I (IT), Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (IT), European Space Research Institute (IT), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (ES), Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (FR), Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (US), Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio, European Space Research and Technology Centre (NL), University College London (GB), UK Astronomy Technology Centre (GB), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH), University of Turin (IT), Lancaster University (GB), Université de Strasbourg (FR), University of Chile (CL), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE), University of Genoa (IT), National Institute for Astrophysics (IT), RWTH Aachen University (DE), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (NL), University of Bologna (IT), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (ES), Technical University of Denmark (DK), University of Oulu (FI), University of Edinburgh (GB)
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Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
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