Study on ecological and environmental effects of large-scale photovoltaic development in desert

Due to its vast uninhabited land and rich solar energy resources, the construction of photovoltaic power stations in desert areas is becoming increasingly common. The large-scale construction and operation of photovoltaic power stations inevitably have a certain impact on the ecological environment of desert areas. How to study the ecological environment conditions of desert photovoltaic areas has become a meaningful task. This study takes the photovoltaic industrial park in the alpine desert area of Gonghe County, Hainan Prefecture, Qinghai Province as the research area, and adopts methods such as measured data analysis, field investigation, and laboratory analysis to analyze the ecological environment impact of photovoltaic power station construction in terms of climate, soil, and vegetation. The results show that photovoltaic power stations reduce net radiation and temperature and increase humidity. The daily temperature change in the photovoltaic field is small, with the largest decrease in temperature at night in winter and a general trend of increased air humidity, especially in winter. Photovoltaic power stations have a cooling and humidifying effect on the soil, improve soil quality, and increase soil moisture and fertility. The effect of photovoltaic panels on soil temperature varies with season and day and night, and the soil temperature difference in summer is larger than in winter. Photovoltaic power stations increase the functional stability of vegetation communities, reduce diversity, and increase biomass.