Этнокультурная трансформация чукотского оленеводства в условиях рыночной экономики: от традиции к неотрадиции

The author considers the current economic and social processes in reindeer herding in Chukotka. The study was conducted in line with the concepts of historicism and neotraditionalism. In the postperestroika period, the privatization of reindeer herds and an attempt to return to the traditional life resulted in a sharp reduction of domestic reindeer herds. In the second half of the 1990s, the reverse process of unification of the surviving private reindeer herding farms and the restoration of governmental structures began. It is shown that the supporting role of the government has been an integral socio-economic condition for the Chukchi reindeer herding both in the Soviet times and under the market economy. The method of ethnic nature management, equally based on the historical consistency of the traditional indigenous way of life and the modern capabilities of a much wider community, its institutions and the government, in general, is a neo-traditional phenomenon.