The characteristics of coronary artery lesion in patients with metabolic syndrome at Ninh Thuan General Hospital

Background: Patients with metabolic syndrome are at high risk of morbidity and mortality from coronary artery disease. Understanding the characteristics of coronary artery lesions and the relationship with components of metabolic syndrome has important implications for treatment and prognosis. This study aims to survey the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and coronary artery lesions in metabolic syndrome patients with coronary artery disease at Ninh Thuan General Hospital; and evaluate the relationship and correlation between the characteristics and extent of coronary artery lesions and the components of metabolic syndrome.Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study on 89 metabolic syndrome patients with coronary artery disease treated as inpatients at the Department of Interventional Cardiology - Ninh Thuan General Hospital.Results: The average age of the study subjects was 66.7 ± 12.8 years old. Patients with severe stenosis accounted for 89.9%, mainly type B and C lesions accounted for 93.3%; Multivessel lesions accounted for 78.7%. Low SYNTAX scores accounted for 61.8%, medium and high scores were 24.7% and 13.5%, respectively. Patients with increased waist circumference were 4.87 times more likely to have multivessel lesions than patients without increased waist circumference [OR = 4.87, 95%CI: (1.65 - 14.40), p = 0.006]; The risk of having severe coronary artery lesions was 3.96 times higher [OR = 3.96, 95%CI (1.21 - 12.91), p = 0.017]. Patients with >3 components of metabolic syndrome had a 3.75 times higher risk of multivessel lesions than patients with 3 components [OR = 3.75, 95%CI: (1.30 - 10.82), p = 0.011]; had 12.39 times the risk of severe lesions [OR = 12.39, 95%CI: (2.70 - 56.90), p = 0.0001]. There was a moderately statistically significant positive correlation between SYNTAX score and waist circumference (r = 0.345) and HDL-C (r = 0.320).Conclusion: There was an association between the components and number of components of metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease. There was a moderate positive correlation between SYNTAX score and waist circumference and HDL-C.