Analysis of the Trend in the Burden of Ischemic Heart Disease in China from 1990 to 2021

Objective: This study aims to provide an accurate quantitative analysis of the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in China, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of effective prevention and control strategies. Methods: Based on the latest public database GBD2021 (2021 Global Burden of Diseases), the characteristics and trends of incident, prevalence, death, and attributable risk factors of IHD in the Chinese population from 1990 to 2021 were quantitatively analyzed. Results: From 1990 to 2021, the burden of IHD in China has significantly increased. The number of incident cases increased from 23.01 million in 1990 to 70.40 million in 2021, with an annual growth rate of 3.97%. The number of prevalent cases increased from 195 million in 1990 to 633 million in 2021, with an annual growth rate of 3.92%. The number of deaths also showed an upward trend, increasing from 547,800 in 1990 to 1.9569 million in 2021, with an annual growth rate of 4.19%. The incidence rate increased from 195.64/100,000 in 1990 to 513.41/100,000 in 2021, with an annual growth rate of 3.36%. The prevalence rate increased from 1657.98/100,000 in 1990 to 4451.34/100,000 in 2021, with an annual growth rate of 3.31%. The mortality rate increased from 46.57/100,000 in 1990 to 137.54/100,000 in 2021, with an annual growth rate of 3.34%. The age-standardized incidence rate increased from 315.31/100,000 in 1990 to 365.67/100,000 in 2021, with an annual growth rate of 0.66%; the age-standardized prevalence rate increased from 2526.44/100,000 in 1990 to 3042.35/100,000 in 2021, with an annual growth rate of 0.64%; the age-standardized mortality rate increased from 94.14/100,000 in 1990 to 110.91/100,000 in 2021, with an annual growth rate of 0.72%. These data directly reflect the changing trend of the burden of IHD in China. Conclusion: The conclusion section indicates that from 1990 to 2021, the burden of IHD in China has significantly increased, manifested by the continuous rise in incident cases, prevalent cases, and deaths. The research data shows that the annual growth rates of incident cases, prevalent cases, and deaths due to IHD are 3.97%, 3.92%, and 4.19% respectively, reflecting the serious situation of prevention and control of IHD in China. In addition, although the growth rates of age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates are relatively slow, they still show an overall upward trend, which may be related to factors such as population aging, lifestyle changes, and insufficient management of chronic diseases. These findings emphasize the urgency of taking effective prevention and control measures to reduce the impact of IHD on the public health system in China.