Clinical insights on Kratom and Delta-8-THC: Case study

The rising use of Kratom and Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-8-THC) poses new challenges for advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). This article explores the increasing prevalence of these substances, driven by limited federal regulation and inconsistent state laws, which lead to their widespread availability and appeal to vulnerable populations. Kratom, from the Mitragyna speciosa tree, contains psychoactive compounds that mimic opioids and affect various neurotransmitter systems. Delta-8-THC, a milder cannabinoid from hemp or cannabis, remains unregulated and raises safety concerns. This review covers their pharmacological profiles, potential for abuse, and clinical implications, including a case study of Kris T., a 16-year-old gender nonconforming individual, highlighting dependence, withdrawal, and cognitive issues. APRNs need to understand these substances' dual actions and abuse potential, emphasizing evidence-based screening, individualized treatments, and advocacy for regulation to ensure safety and efficacy.