Comparison of Biomechanical and Surface Characteristics of Retrieved Orthodontic Mini-screws of Three Commercially Available Brands: An In Vivo Study

Background Mini-screws are valuable devices in orthodontic treatment as they allow effective anchorage. Relocation of a mini-screw may be required due to anatomical limitations. Objectives To compare the morphology and surface characteristics of three brands of mini-screws before and after use and to check their viability for reinsertion. Methodology Mini-screws of three commercially available brands, Group I: Orlus, Ortholution, Korea, Group II: Absoanchor, Dentos, Korea, and Group III: S.K. surgical, India, were evaluated for the sharpness of their threads and active tip, surface roughness, and surface chemical composition using scanning electron microscope (SEM)–energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) before and after clinical use. Results The sharpness of threads did not differ before and after use in any of the groups. The mean tip deformation values in Groups II and III post-insertion were significantly higher than pre-insertion. The SEM images obtained post-insertion revealed loss of gloss and surface finish with a dull appearance in all groups, but most evident in Group I. EDS analysis post-retrieval shows an increase in the amount of carbon and oxygen in Groups II and III. Conclusion: Mini-screw reuse within the same patient is possible if proper recycling is done, and pilot drilling is done to overcome the decreased cutting ability of the tip due to deformation.