Умови розвитку чеської освіти в Наддніпрянській Україні в період Української революції

The purpose of the article is the need to carry out a comprehensive study of the educational situation of the Czech ethnic minority in Dnieper Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence and the factors that contributed to its development and the circumstances that created difficulties. The research methodology includes the following principles: objectivity, historicism, consistency, problematic. The work uses the following methods: analysis and synthesis, problem-chronological, comparative. The scientific novelty consists in the study of the peculiarities of the educational situation of Czechs in Dnieper Ukraine on the eve and during the Ukrainian War of Independence of 1917–1921, which distinguished them from other ethnic minorities and Ukrainians. Conclusions. During the activity of the Ukrainian authorities, the Czech minority received legal protection and the right to freely develop its own culture. Ukrainization, which was initiated by the Ukrainian Central Council, did not limit the use and development of Czech or other national languages ​​of ethnic minorities, but was an element of the unification of the educational process. After the coup on April 29, 1918, hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky abolished the democratic freedoms of the Ukrainian Central Council. However, Czech education and culture not only developed freely, but also benefited from significant funding from the Ukrainian state. Retraining of Czech teachers was also organized as part of the Ukrainization of education. The Directorate of the Ukrainian People's Republic not only restored the laws of the Ukrainian Central Council, but also planned to further democratize them, which in turn could give a new impetus to the development of Czech education. However, it was not possible to implement the ideals of the Ukrainian revolution regarding the freedom and equality of all peoples due to the gradual defeat of the pro-Ukrainian forces.