Green Technology: Performance of Sustainable Asphalt Mixes Modified with Linear Low-Density Polyethylene Waste

This experimental study evaluated the performance of modified asphalt mixtures prepared by incorporating 2%, 4%, and 6% linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) by weight of asphalt binder through a series of tests. The microstructural analyses using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were conducted on asphalt samples to assess the engineering properties of the asphalt mixes. Finally, ANOVA statistical analysis has been employed to determine the statistical significance of the differences in all tests’ means. Based on laboratory findings, the Marshall stability test result showed that the modified asphalt mixes up to 4% LLDPE had enhanced performance by 12.7% compared to the control mix. A significant decrease (up to 31.3%) in binder penetration was demonstrated due to the incorporation of LLDPE into the asphalt mix. The softening point of the LLDPE–asphalt mixes was increased by up to 17.6%. It was also demonstrated that the incorporation of such LLDPE dosages maintains the flow limits within the specified range; however, the flow of the asphalt mix with 4% LLDPE was 3.17 mm which is the nearest to the average value of the upper and lower acceptable limits. The air voids of mixes with LLDPE content more than 4% by was decreased to less than 4% which is not recommended in high-temperature climates to control mixture bleeding. Microscopic analysis revealed an improvement in the densification of asphalt microstructures, attributed to the LLDPE particles significantly changing the rheology and viscosity of the base mixture and making the hot asphalt mixture more homogeneous. Based on the physical and rheological properties investigated in this study, it could be concluded that 4% LLDPE produces the best performance in asphalt mixtures. Overall, the ANOVA analysis demonstrated that the incorporation of LLDPE into asphalt mixes has a significant impact on all of their properties.