Machine Learning and Optical-Coherence-Tomography-Derived Radiomics Analysis to Predict the Postoperative Anatomical Outcome of Full-Thickness Macular Hole

Full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) leads to central vision loss. It is essential to identify patients with FTMH at high risk of postoperative failure accurately to achieve anatomical closure. This study aimed to construct a predictive model for the anatomical outcome of FTMH after surgery. A retrospective study was performed, analyzing 200 eyes from 197 patients diagnosed with FTMH. Radiomics features were extracted from optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM), and backpropagation neural network (BPNN) classifiers were trained and evaluated. Decision curve analysis and survival analysis were performed to assess the clinical implications. Sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated to assess the model effectiveness. In the training set, the AUC values were 0.998, 0.988, and 0.995, respectively. In the test set, the AUC values were 0.941, 0.943, and 0.968, respectively. The OCT-omics scores were significantly higher in the "Open" group than in the "Closed" group and were positively correlated with the minimum diameter (MIN) and base diameter (BASE) of FTMH. Therefore, in this study, we developed a model with robust discriminative ability to predict the postoperative anatomical outcome of FTMH.