Assesment of the Risk Factors and Frequency of Iron Deficiency Based on the Severity of Hemophilla-A

Background: Hemophilia is a rare inherited X-linked recessive disorder characterized by deficiency of Factor VIII or Factor IX coagulant activity required for generation of Thrombin in the Intrinsic pathway of coagulation. Prevalence of hemophilia in Bangladesh in unknown. With increase in severity of the disease, patients experience increased frequency of spontaneous bleed. Iron deficiency is expected in these vulnerable population due either to presence of occult blood loss in urine/stool or deposition of iron in synovial membrane during repeated bleeding episodes. Objective: To find out frequency and relative risk of iron deficiency according to severity of hemophilla-A. Methods: This cross-secitonal study was conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka from 1-03-2021 to 1-03-2022. Within this period, a total of 56 hemophilia patients who visited the Department of Transfusion Medicine of BSMMU were included in this study. All patients were thoroughly evaluated by history and clinical examination. Baseline characteristics including age, sex, height, weight, smoking status will be recorded, relevant other information like pulse, blood pressure, temperature, anemia, hypertension, diabetes, CBC, hemoglobin, ferritin, bleeding time, clotting time, prothrombin time were recorded in a preformed data collection sheet. The results were expressed as frequency & percentage (categorical data) and mean ± SD (numerical data). Unpaired t-tests and Chi-Square tests will be performed as applicable using SPSS for windows version 22.0 and p<0.05 will be considered as the level of significant. Ethical clearance will be obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of BSMMU. Results: Prevalence of iron deficiency was 29 (51.8%) among the patients with hemophilia A. Mean age of hemophilia patients was 18.39 ± 8.43 years and maximum of them were in age group 11-20 years. Most common bleeding sites were knee joint (41.1%), ankle joint (19.6%), hip joint ......