Barriers and Facilitators to Pediatric Oncology Social Work Practice: A Qualitative Study

Background: Childhood cancer is significant due to its high prevalence and its impact on the entire family, resulting in various psychological, social, economic, and communication challenges for the families. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the barriers and facilitators to pediatric oncology social work practices in Iran. Methods: This qualitative study used a content analysis method and involved 19 pediatric oncology social workers. We used a purposeful sampling method until data saturation was reached. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and field observations and then analyzed. Results: This study demonstrated that the factors influencing social workers' practice include personal characteristics and interpersonal communication at the micro level, while barriers mainly consist of cultural, social, economic, organizational, and structural dimensions at the macro level. Conclusions: In order to better support children with cancer and their families, policymakers and health system managers need to give special attention to the status of social workers. Strengthening support systems and addressing the challenges they face can be effective in protecting the professional practices of these caregivers.