Novel insights into sevoflurane-induced developmental neurotoxicity mechanisms

<b>Aim:</b> This study explores Sevoflurane (Sevo)-induced neurotoxicity mechanisms in neonates through transcriptome sequencing and models.<b>Methods:</b> Seven-day-old mice were exposed to 3% Sevo, and hippocampal tissue was collected for analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs compared with normal mice. MiR-152-3p was selected, and the interaction between H19, USP30, and miR-152-3p was explored in BV2 microglial cells and mouse hippocampal neurons.<b>Results:</b> Sevo disrupts mitochondrial autophagy via USP30 upregulation, exacerbating neurotoxicity and activating NLRP1 inflammasome-mediated inflammation.<b>Conclusion:</b> Sevo neurotoxicity is mediated through the H19/miR-152-3p/USP30 axis, implicating microglial regulation of neuronal pyroptosis.