Kretschmann-based Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor using Au/Graphene for Glucose Detection

Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar (glucose) levels. Early and accurate detection of diabetes is crucial to prevent serious complications. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensors offer a label-free, real-time approach to glucose detection. A hybrid layer Kretschmann-based SPR (K-SPR) sensor for detecting glucose is presented using gold and graphene thin films (Au-Gr) over a BK7 prism at visible-light angular interrogation. Our findings demonstrate an average sensitivity of 5.0 °/M and 3.9 °/M for detecting glucose levels ranging from 4 mM to 20 mM at 670 nm and 785 nm wavelengths respectively. This study highlights the need for an optical biosensing method that is convenient and patient-friendly for diabetes management, prompting the development of non-invasive biosensors for early detection.