Effect of Fermentation Technology and Storage Time on the Quality of Salami-Type Sausages

The fermentation process is a crucial stage in the production of salami-type sausages. However, the traditional (“warm”) method does not yield optimal results. Hence, this study evaluated the impact of fermentation technology and storage time on the quality attributes of salami-type pork sausages. “Warm”-fermented (WF) and “cold”-fermented (CF) sausages were produced using appropriate starter cultures. Following ripening, the products were stored for 63 days under cooling conditions. The evaluations encompassed microbiological and physicochemical characteristics (pH, aw, color), basic chemical composition (NIR spectroscopy), the degree of fat hydrolysis (acid value) and oxidation (TBARS index), textural properties (TPA, shear/penetration test), and sensory (hedonic) attributes. In both sausages, mesophilic aerobes and lactic acid bacteria were the dominant microflora immediately after ripening. While the chemical composition of the salami remained constant during storage, there was a slight color change. WF sausages exhibited a significantly higher acid value and TBARS index than CF sausages. Over time, the internal structure of WF sausages became more porous, deteriorating the texture. In addition, CF sausages showed better sensory characteristics. In conclusion, using “cold” fermentation enhanced the quality and durability of salami-type sausages. This approach shows promise for industrial-scale production and aligns with consumer preferences.