A Serum Multi-Parametric Analysis Identifies an Early Innate Immune Signature Associated to Increased Vaccine-Specific Antibody Production and Seroconversion in Simultaneous COVID-19 mRNA and Cell-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccination
In this pilot study, a multi-parametric analysis comparing immune responses in sera of adult healthy subjects (HS) or people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) undergoing the single or simultaneous administration of mRNA-based COVID-19 and cellular quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines was conducted. While SARS-CoV-2 antibodies remains comparable, influenza antibody titers and seroconversion were significantly higher upon simultaneous vaccination. Magnitude of anti-influenza humoral response closely correlated with an early innate immune signature, previously described for the COVID-19 vaccine, composed of IL-15, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, CXCL-10 and here extended also to acute-phase protein Pentraxin 3. People with T2D receiving simultaneous vaccination showed a protective response comparable to HS correlating with the early induction of IFN-γ/CXCL10 and a significant reduction of the circulating glucose level due to increased oxidation of glucose digestion and consumption. These data, although preliminary and in-need of validation in larger cohorts, might be exploited to optimize future vaccination in people with chronic disorders, including diabetes.
Authors
- Eliana M. Coccia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1606-2949)
- Mattea Chirico (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3447-5077)
- Martina Severa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0411-4545)
- Marco Iannetta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6938-8627)
- Valentina Ungari
- Marilena P. Etna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-393X)
- Antonietta Spadea (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2054-5155)
- Simona Puzelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4497-9719)
- Stefano Balducci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8128-3863)
- Cecília Garlanda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1510-7703)
- Egidio Iorio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6673-3838)
- Paola Stefanelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-4385)
- Maria Elena Pisanu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0029-3523)
- Giorgio Fedele (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0017-6711)
- Livia Benedetti
- Barbara Bottazzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1930-9257)
- Anna Teresa Palamara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-4381)
- Michela Sali (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-2990)
- Daniela Ricci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8445-512X)
- Giada Cairo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9230-6115)
- Remo Bartolomucci
- Sara Castrechini
- Marzia Facchini
- Pasqualina Leone
Institutions
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (IT)
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT)
- Humanitas University (IT)
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità (IT)
- Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic (IT)
- Assing (Italy) (IT)
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IT)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale Roma 3 (IT)
- Regione Lazio
Publication Details
- Journal
- Vaccines
- Published
- 2024-09-13
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12091050
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.17