Crime Incidence: High Immigration Versus Low Immigration European Union Countries

This paper analyzes the impact of immigration on robbery and burglary rates while differentiating between European Union (EU) countries with relatively large and small immigration rates using a dynamic panel data model.Notably, robbery (i.e., "stealing from someone by using physical force, weapon or threat") differs from burglary (i.e., "breaking, entering and stealing from homes, summerhouses, hotel rooms, cabins") in its use of force (Eurostat, 2022, https:// ec.europa.eu/ euros tat/ stati stics-expla ined).Several crime studies considered immigration, but only as an additional covariate in their models.They found mixed outcomes of positive correlations (Alonso-