Hybridization of Concentrated Solar Thermal With Geothermal and Biomass Power

While Geothermal Power Plants (GPPs) can be a reliable renewable energy source, this reliability can decrease over the years due to brine mass flow declining. This reduced mass flow causes extra capacity unused in the GPP turbines. This problem can be overcome by hybridizing GPPs with CST and biomass. These three thermal technologies can, in theory, complement each other if all the resources are present at the exact location. This is the scenario for this study, as the location for the case study is the Kızıldere 2 (KZD2) GPP in Denizli, Turkiye, operated by Zorlu Energy. This region has sufficient potential for all three technologies: CST, geothermal, and biomass. Furthermore, by building a topping cycle using CST and biomass, it is possible to generate additional power. This study utilizes a topping steam Rankine cycle run equally by CST and biomass, and, as a result, the 20% excess capacity in the GPP turbine is used while generating an additional 20 MWe of power.