Analysis of hybrid potato populations in the conditions of the Magadan region

The priority direction in potato breeding in the Magadan region, given the short growing season and heat shortage, is the creation of predominantly early-ripening potato varieties. The article presents the results of the evaluation of potato breeding samples in terms of productivity and ripeness. Over two years, about three thousand samples of 67 hybrid combinations have been studied. The research was carried out in 2022–2023 on the experimental field of the Magadan Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture on floodplain, sod-alluvial, pebble-sandy loam soils. More than two thousand samples represented by 25 hybrid combinations were studied in the nursery of seedlings. Hybrid combinations characterized by a high frequency of selection of promising forms are identified, such as Arctica × Elbeida, Udacha × Bellarosa, Krone × Bellarosa, Charoite × Bellarosa, Krone × Labadia, Arctica × Gala. In these hybrid combinations, from 7.6 to 17.9% of the samples from the total number of the seedlings planted in the field were selected as clones. The samples with high productivity indicators were selected in the nursery of hybrids of the 1st year. The maximum weight of tubers of one plant was noted in the populations of Columba × Krepysh – 2010, Udacha × Bellarosa – 1820, Arctica × Elbeida – 1825, Charoite × Bellarosa – 1800. In the nursery of hybrids of the 2nd year, hybrids with productivity exceeding 1000 g/bush, such as Columba × Krepysh (2700 g/bush), Udacha × Bellarosa (1950 g/bush), Arctica × Krepysh (1670 g/bush), were identified in terms of yield and economically valuable characteristics. The frequency of selection of productive clones here exceeded 50%. These hybrid combinations are recommended for breeding research in the conditions of the Magadan region.