Caracterización mecánica de un material compuesto de resina poliéster reforzado con corteza de eucalipto

This study aims to evaluate the mechanical performance of a composite material manufactured with different proportions of polyester resin matrix and eucalyptus bark fiber reinforcement. Specimens were prepared with volumetric fractions of 90% matrix - 10% reinforcement, 80% matrix - 20% reinforcement, and 70% matrix - 30% reinforcement, with randomly distributed fibers. Tensile, flexural, and impact tests were conducted according to ASTM standards to determine the mechanical properties of the composite. The results showed a decrease in the tensile and flexural strength of the composite compared to the pure resin, which was attributed to the presence of stress concentrators and low adhesion between the fibers and the matrix. However, an increase in the elastic modulus and impact energy absorbed by the composite material was observed. The combination of 70% matrix and 30% reinforcement presented the best balance of mechanical properties among the different formulations studied. This study highlights the potential of natural fiber-reinforced composite materials as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers, taking advantage of the renewable resources available in Ecuador and reducing the environmental impact associated with the production of traditional composite materials. The obtained results contribute to the development of new ecological materials with applications in various industries, promoting the use of natural fibers and encouraging research in this field.