Lightweight Testbed for IEC61162-450-Related Cyber Security Research

The world is shifting towards increased digitalisation, severely impacting critical infrastructure like maritime transportation. Electronic navigation equipment-such as echo sounders, sonars, anemometers, gyrocompasses, autopilot systems, GPS receivers, and many other instruments-used on modern ships have undoubtedly decreased naval accidents over the years. Still, these devices may suffer from cyber security vulnerabilities because system developers and vendors often do not consider cyber security aspects. This paper presents a lightweight research environment, focusing on the IEC61162-450 protocol and able to simulate cyber attacks against an Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) included in a Multi-Functional Display (MFD). This environment is a vital tool for marine cyber security experts wishing to engage with research addressing existing and potential cyber security vulnerabilities in electronic navigation equipment.