Comparative Study of Duration of Hospital Stay and Post-Operative Complications of Drain Insertion Versus No Drain Insertion in Conventional Open Supra-Pubic Cystolithotomy

Background: Gujarat, a state in India, is prone to urinary lithiasis and is also known to be situated in the second belt of stones based on incidence.Urinary bladder stones are also very common, occurring in 5 to 12% of total urinary stone cases.In the literature, more than sixty percent of bladder stones in children are treated with open suprapubic cystolithotomy (SPCL).There are various modalities available for managing vesical stones.In developing countries like India and in rural setups, open SPCL may be more feasible and a common practice.Open surgeries are also common for seropositive patients, mainly HIV-positive patients.Aim: To compare few outcomes of patient of bladder stone undergoing with drain versus without drain in conventional open SPCL.Methods: This prospective hospital-based research was conducted at GMERS Medical College and Hospital in Dharpur, Patan from June 2021 to May 2022.In this investigation, a total of 60 cases that matched the inclusion criteria were included and divided into two groups, each with 30 cases.Group I was treated without an SPCL drain insertion, whereas Group II was treated with an SPCL drain insertion.Comparison between the two groups was conducted based on their stone-free rate (SFR), hospitalization, mean postoperative scar, mean surgical duration, and incidence of postoperative complications.Results: The average SFR in Group I was 2.780.974,while in Group II it was 3.0630.807.The average operation time for Groups I and II was 213.57minutes and 25.1677.1297minutes, respectively (p<0.05).Group I experienced a significantly shorter average hospitalization period (2.70.535days) compared to Group II (3.21.126days) (p<0.05).Group I had a significantly greater mean scar length (3.430.69cm) compared to Group II (3.81670.748)(p<0.01),however there was no significant difference in the rate of consequences.Conclusion: Both no drain insertion and drain insertion are effective in the treatment of urinary bladder stones up to 2 cm, with a low rate of complications in those who do not have a drain put.However, when comparing surgical duration, hospital stay, and scar length between the two groups, the no-drain insertion approach outperforms patient compliance with drain insertion for bladder stone removal.