Joint User Identification, Channel Estimation, and Data Detection for Grant-Free NOMA in LEO Satellite Communications

Satellite Internet of things (S-IoT) aims to provide globally covered network services. In this paper, we conceive an uplink grant-free random access scheme for S-IoT network, where ground devices transmit data packets to the low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite, reducing signaling cost and making efficient use of spectrum resources by employing the non-orthogonal multiple access scheme. The impact of high operational speed of the LEO satellite is also taken into account. We further propose an iterative Gaussian approximated message passing-aided sparse Bayesian learning (GAMP-SBL) algorithm to address the joint channel estimation (CE), active user identification (UID) and data detection (DD) problem, where the three steps interacts with each other during the iterative process. Simulation results have demonstrated that our proposed joint receiver design outperforms the existing AMP-based schemes in terms of bit error rate (BER), convergence speed, as well as false alarm rate (FAR).