GEMMOGENESIS IN VITRO IN WHEAT EMBRYONIC CALLUSES: MORPHOHISTOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES

The promising area of biotechnological research of economically valuable plants is the use of callus cultures, in which such a pathway of morphogenesis in vitro as organogenesis is induced. One of the types of organogenesis is gemmogenesis in vitro, which consists in the development of formed buds that give rise to shoots. Despite the fact that this is a dead-end pathway of morphogenesis, which does not lead to further regeneration of plants without transferring the shoots to a nutrient medium of a different composition, it is nevertheless important to investigate the histological peculiarities of formation and development in calluses the buds as morphogenic structures. In calluses obtained from immature wheat embryos, histological methods have established that the process of gemmogenesis in vitro originates from the morphogenetic focus; morphohistological characteristics of the developing buds were revealed, which coincide with the anatomical parameters of the buds in natural conditions.