Spectrum of developmental and psychosocial disorders in children and its management

This cross-sectional study assesses the range of developmental and psychosocial disorders in children and reviews the outcomes of the different management approaches. These included; Determining the frequency of occurrence of these disorders, evaluating the effectiveness of interventions, and determining the relationship between demographic variables and disorder frequency. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the study and the participants consisted of 300 children aged between 3 and 18 years old; the DP-3 and the SDQ were used to gather the data. Quantitative data were obtained from standardized parent-completed questionnaires and qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with parents and analyzed using SPSS and NVivo. The study found that 35% of children had developmental disorders, and among them, language disorders were present in 15% of the children, the children with intellectual disabilities were 12% and children with motor developmental disorders were 8%. Psychosocial disorders were identified in 40 % of the sample with anxiety disorder at 18%, depression at 12%, and conduct disorder at 10%. In 25% of the cases, comorbidity was present. It was seen that the earlier the intervention the better were the results, with the combined intervention being the most effective (85% improvement). The logistic regression analysis revealed that lower parental education and single-parent family status were important predictors of developmental and psychosocial disorders. The research presented in the work stresses the necessity of early treatment and family involvement in these disorders and reveals strong relationships with the socioeconomic status of patients and the efficacy of the complex intervention approach.