Using real-time kinetic GPS (RTK-GPS) to improve the assessment of population dynamics and optimize population viability studies of threatened species

Abstract The conservation of threatened plant species needs precise monitoring studies to assess population trends and improve management strategies. Here, we investigated the viability of employing high-accuracy RTK-GPS technology for demographic evaluation of Euphorbia fontqueriana , a critically endangered species of the western Mediterranean Basin. Our study aimed to evaluate the utility of RTK-GPS technology, compare its applicability with traditional methods, and determine its impact on decision-making in conservation. We used permanent plots and comprehensive field surveys to monitor population dynamics, and transitions between plant stages and vital rates were recorded and analysed. Results revealed a positive population trend for E . fontqueriana , contrasting with previous studies. Vegetative stage was the most representative of the population, and high survival rates were observed for vegetative and reproductive individuals. Elasticity analysis showed higher value for vegetative stage. The study underscores the importance of employing high-accuracy plant monitoring methods for effective conservation assessments and emphasizes the potential of RTK-GPS technology in enhancing conservation efforts for threatened plant species.