Roles of temperature, materials, and domain inversion in high-performance, low-bias-drift thin film lithium niobate blue light modulators
We demonstrate a thin film lithium niobate electro-optic modulator operating at 456 nm with an RF voltage-length product of 0.38 V-cm and a bandwidth of 6.9 GHz. We test the dielectric relaxation of the modulator with sweeps of temperature and optical input power, and compare equivalent modulators with electrode materials of Cr-Au, Ti-Au and Al in terms of bias stability and current-voltage characteristics. We demonstrate bias stability over at least 8 hours with Al devices, and show relationships between drift, I-V characteristics and ferroelectric domain switching.
Authors
- Kevin Multani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5350-6502)
- Oguz Tolga Celik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6454-2306)
- Alexander Y. Hwang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1471-2642)
- Samuel Gyger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2080-9897)
- Amir H. Safavi‐Naeini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6176-1274)
- M. M. Fejer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5512-1905)
- Hubert S. Stokowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6416-9639)
- Nancy Yousry Ammar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3217-2184)
- Yudan Guo
- Tae‐Won Park (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9707-4724)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Optics Express
- Published
- 2024-09-16
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.538150
- Citations
- 14
- Primary Topic
- Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.73
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency